Goes through history in simple chronological order. Your existing command entry is not considered as a filter.

Goes through history filtered with only those that begin with your current command entry.

So, if you entered "animal", "and", "bad", "cat" previously, then enter "a" and pressed up, it would jump to "and", then up again would go to "animal".

Goes through history filtered with only those that contain your current command entry.

So, if you entered "animal", "and", "bad", "cat" previously, then enter "n" and pressed up, it would jump to "and", then up again would go to "animal".

Goes through history to fill in your command at the cursor. It filters to only entries that start with the text before your cursor and ends with text after your cursor.

So, if you entered "animal", "and", "bad", "cat" previously, then enter "ad" and pressed left to position the cursor between the a and d, then pressed up it would jump straight to "and".